THE SARS-CoV-2 VIRUS

It is a variant of SARS whose advent discovered in China, to date, is not officially clear. Let's see how the SARS-CoV-2 virus works. A single particle (called virion) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has a rounded shape and, on its surface, it has “spikes” that make the virus similar to a corona (hence the name Coronavirus). On the tips there is the Spike protein able to bind to the angiotensin 2 converting enzyme (ACE2): an enzyme involved in the regulation of blood pressure and which is found on the cells of the lung epithelium where it defends the lungs from damage caused by infections and inflammations. The virus, by binding to ACE2, enters the cell and prevents the enzyme from fulfilling its protective role. The Spike protein therefore represents a "key" that allows the virus to access the cells of the body through angiotensin 2 (ACE2), which functions as a "lock". Once inside the cell, the virus releases its own viral genetic code (RNA) and forces the cell to produce viral proteins that create new coronaviruses: these in turn bind to other cells, carrying out the infection.

MANAGEMENT OF THE SICK IN TIMES OF COVID19

Here are some rules for the safety and coexistence of relatives, children, caregivers in this historical phase characterized by a global pandemic that is capable of endangering the health of the patient. These rules are already known to most, but it is good to underline if you have a sick person with such an aggressive pathology at home.

1) To begin with, whoever enters the sick person's home will have to take off their shoes, give them to the owner of the house and get a pair of slippers. The shoes will be placed on the balcony to take air.

2) The guest, the child or anyone arriving from outside must wash their hands thoroughly for at least 30 seconds with alcohol-based gel or disinfectant, AMUCHINA is an example. It is a good idea for the homeowner to place at least one dispenser at the entrance to the house and one in the patient's room.



3) If the caregiver, or anyone arriving from the outside, has to physically interact with the patient in some way, it is advisable to wear an FFP2 type mask without valve and a pair of latex gloves.

4) If there is no physical interaction with the patient, it is sufficient to keep at least 1 meter away.



5) Every day it is necessary to ventilate the patient's room well for at least 15 or 20 minutes in his absence. The same also applies to the other rooms in the house.

6) Following numerous studies, it has been discovered that vitamin D is able to partially immunize the body from COVID19, both for GSS patients and for healthy subjects, offering greater resistance 6 to contagion in a percentage that is variable from person to person. We can say that the daily intake is correlated body weight: for people with a body weight up to 70 kg, 2000 I.U. per day of vitamin D; above 70 kg a dosage of 4000 I.U. is required per day. This for a period of approximately 60 days. Thereafter it would be advisable to stop treatment for 15/20 days. Being a vitamin that accumulates in the body (like vitamin E) therefore a period of stop may be necessary, and then start again. In the link below you will find a very comprehensive Californian study on the correlation between vitamin D and COVID19.

Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID- 19 Infections and Deaths

Vitamin D is readily available both in pharmacies and on Amazon at a fairly low price.



Do you want to buy it? https://www.amazon.com/

CASES OF POSITIVITY TO COVID19 (CHILDREN, CAREGIVERS AND THE SICK: POSITIVE BUT ASYNOMATIC

If a sick person, a caregiver or the child of a sick person, by means of a swab, should test positive, even if asymptomatic to Sars-Cov2, he must strictly remain in isolation for 14 days. In this case, as a precaution, the person must stay in his room, away from the patient and possibly for at least 14 days, eat in his room and take the following pharmaceutical specialties which have proved very effective against SARS-Cov2: for 14 days take 1 gram of retard type vitamin C: these chasubles have a spectrum of action that lasts from 8 to 12 hours, strengthening the immune system. As we have already said, it is useful to take vitamin D every day: let's say that if the positive person has a body weight below 70 kg, 4000 I.U. of vitamin D, 2000 U.I at lunch and 2000 U.I at dinner. If the person is over 70 kg. then it is necessary to take 4000 I.U of vitamin D at lunch and 4000 I.U of vitamin D at dinner. Furthermore, there are in-depth studies which show that a macrolide-type antibiotic is particularly effective in not detonating COVID19: we are talking about Azithromycin, known in pharmacies as ZITROMAX 500 MG. One tablet a day is sufficient for 6 days as each single tablet is in circulation and acts for 68 hours. In the blue link you can download the PDF file with the experiment carried out with treated and untreated positive patients. Macrolides and viral infections focus on azithromycin in COVID-19 pathology The results demonstrated the effectiveness of Azithromycin.



M-RNA vaccines and VIRAL VECTOR vaccines

Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines are mRNA vaccines, while Vaxzevria vaccine (formerly AstraZeneca) is a viral vector vaccine (as are Johnson & Johnson's Janssen vaccine and Sputnik V vaccine).

How does the mRNA vaccine work?
All vaccines have been developed to induce a response that blocks the Spike protein and thus prevents cell infection. The mRNA vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna) contain the molecules of messenger RNA (mRNA) with inside them the indications to build the Spike proteins of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In the vaccine, the mRNA molecules are inserted into a microscopic "bubble" that protects the mRNA to prevent it from deteriorating quickly (as usually happens) and from being attacked and destroyed by the immune system's defenses as a foreign component to the body. so that it can enter the cells. Following the injection of the vaccine, the mRNA is absorbed into the cytoplasm of the cells and starts the synthesis of Spike proteins. Their presence thus stimulates the production of specific antibodies. With the vaccine, therefore, the actual virus is not introduced into the cells of those who are vaccinated (and therefore the vaccine cannot in any way cause COVID-19 in the vaccinated person), but only the fundamental genetic information for the cell to build copies. of the Spike protein. Vaccination also activates T cells that prepare the immune system to respond to further exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus: if in the future the vaccinee comes into contact with the virus, his / her immune system will remember it, recognize it and it will activate to fight it, blocking the Spike proteins and preventing them from entering the cells. Once its mission is accomplished, the vaccine mRNA naturally degrades a few days after vaccination. There is therefore no risk of it entering the cell nucleus and modifying the DNA.

How does the viral vector vaccine work?
The Vaxzevria vaccine (formerly AstraZeneca) is a viral vector vaccine and uses the chimpanzee adenovirus (ChAdOx1 - Chimpanzee Adenovirus Oxford 1), a virus responsible for the common cold in these animals. Inside a weakened version of the chimpanzee adenovirus (unable to replicate and harmless to the human organism) the genetic material of the Spike protein is inserted and through the adenovirus (which acts as a vector, an intermediary) it is introduced into the cells human genetic material of the Spike protein, the one that allows the SARS-CoV-2 virus to trigger the infection responsible for COVID-19.
The immune system is thus activated against the Spike protein and produces antibodies: where the individual comes into contact with the virus in the future, the antibodies - trained with vaccination - will be able to recognize the virus and block the infection. Once administered, the modified adenovirus enters the cell nucleus and provides the genetic code to produce the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. The T cells of the immune system recognize the stimulus of the Spike protein and activate the immune response and the production of specific antibodies against the virus. With the vaccination, cells with defensive memory against the Spike protein are also produced: if the vaccinated person in the future were to come into contact with the virus, his immune system will have memory of it, will recognize it and will activate itself to fight it, preventing the Spike proteins. the entrance inside the cells. With the vaccine, only the genetic information necessary to build copies of the Spike protein is introduced into the body's cells. The adenovirus is unable to replicate and therefore cannot spread in the organism of the vaccinated. After administration, the genetic information degrades and is eliminated.

Administration of vaccines: times and methods
The three vaccines are given as two injections, typically into the muscle of the upper arm. For Pfizer-BioNTech, at least 21 days must pass between the first and second dose, while there are 28 days between the first and second dose for the Moderna vaccine. People who have been vaccinated with the first dose of Vaxzevria (formerly AstraZeneca) should receive the second dose of the same vaccine ideally during the 12th week and at least ten weeks after the first dose.

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO GET VACCINATED?
In recent months, there has been a series of contradictory information on vaccines to combat COVID-19 and their safety, which has led to growing distrust among people. However, it is of great importance, in order to be able to fight the SARS-CoV-2 virus at the community level, that these fears are overcome on the basis of data shared by the scientific community so that the population can safely join the vaccination campaign, starting from older people and fragile categories. In fact, in the United States, 76% protection has been demonstrated for vaccinated individuals, reaching 80% in subjects over 65, and 100% protection against serious complications that can arise in those who develop COVID-19.
As regards, however, the fears related to the association between the administration of the vaccine and the onset of rare forms of thrombosis, we can say that the cases found are extremely rare. The United Kingdom, in fact, has vaccinated about 20 million people, among which about 80 cases of thrombosis have developed (about half cases in those who took m-RNA platform vaccines and half in those who took adenovirus platform vaccines). The approximate estimate per hour is 1 thrombotic event per 100,000 - 250,000 people. It's a pretty low risk compared to the risk of COVID-19. For these reasons it is useful for patients and caregivers to undergo vaccination.